
Disorders of optic nerve and visual pathways

Papilledema
- swelling of the optic disk, usually in association with increased intracranial pressure, characterized by hyperemia, blurring of the disk margins, microhemorrhages, blind spot enlargement, and engorgement of retinal veins.
- (pap-il-eh-DEE-ma) Swelling around the optic disk, the area where the optic nerve (the nerve that carries messages from the eye to the brain) enters the eyeball. Papilledema occurs when increased brain pressure caused by tumors or other problems results in swelling of the optic nerve.
- Swelling around the optic nerve, usually due to pressure on the nerve by a tumor.

Papilledema unspecified
- swelling of the optic disk, usually in association with increased intracranial pressure, characterized by hyperemia, blurring of the disk margins, microhemorrhages, blind spot enlargement, and engorgement of retinal veins.
- (pap-il-eh-DEE-ma) Swelling around the optic disk, the area where the optic nerve (the nerve that carries messages from the eye to the brain) enters the eyeball. Papilledema occurs when increased brain pressure caused by tumors or other problems results in swelling of the optic nerve.
- Swelling around the optic nerve, usually due to pressure on the nerve by a tumor.

Papilledema associated with increased intracranial pressure

Papilledema associated with decreased ocular pressure

Papilledema associated with retinal disorder

Foster-kennedy syndrome

Optic atrophy

Optic atrophy unspecified

Primary optic atrophy

Postinflammatory optic atrophy

Optic atrophy associated with retinal dystrophies

Glaucomatous atrophy (cupping) of optic disc

Partial optic atrophy

Hereditary optic atrophy

Other disorders of optic disc

Drusen of optic disc

Crater-like holes of optic disc

Coloboma of optic disc

Pseudopapilledema

Optic neuritis
- WHAT: Optic neuritis. Optic Neuritis: the inflammation, degeneration, or demyelination of the optic nerve. WHY: Optic neuritis may be present in patients with sarcoidosis or Reiter's syndrome (rarely). HOW: Clinically, patients with optic neuritis present with sudden loss of central vision and pain on moving the eye. Opthalmoscopically there may be hyperemia of the optic disc and distention of the large retinal veins. At later stages the disk margins are blurred and may be slightly elevated simulating papilledema. REFS: Vaugn, D and Asbury, T: General Ophthamology, 8th edition, 1977.
- inflammation of the second cranial nerve or optic nerve; commonly associated conditions include autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis, infections, and granulomatous diseases.

Optic neuritis unspecified
- WHAT: Optic neuritis. Optic Neuritis: the inflammation, degeneration, or demyelination of the optic nerve. WHY: Optic neuritis may be present in patients with sarcoidosis or Reiter's syndrome (rarely). HOW: Clinically, patients with optic neuritis present with sudden loss of central vision and pain on moving the eye. Opthalmoscopically there may be hyperemia of the optic disc and distention of the large retinal veins. At later stages the disk margins are blurred and may be slightly elevated simulating papilledema. REFS: Vaugn, D and Asbury, T: General Ophthamology, 8th edition, 1977.
- inflammation of the second cranial nerve or optic nerve; commonly associated conditions include autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis, infections, and granulomatous diseases.

Optic papillitis

Retrobulbar neuritis (acute)

Nutritional optic neuropathy

Toxic optic neuropathy

Other optic neuritis

Other disorders of optic nerve

Ischemic optic neuropathy

Hemorrhage in optic nerve sheaths

Optic nerve hypoplasia

Other disorders of optic nerve

Disorders of optic chiasm

Disorders of optic chiasm associated with pituitary neoplasms and disorders

Disorders of optic chiasm associated with other neoplasms

Disorders of optic chiasm associated with vascular disorders

Disorders of optic chiasm associated with inflammatory disorders

Disorders of other visual pathways

Disorders of other visual pathways associated with neoplasms

Disorders of other visual pathways associated with vascular disorders

Disorders of other visual pathways associated with inflammatory disorders

Disorders of visual cortex

Disorders of visual cortex associated with neoplasms

Disorders of visual cortex associated with vascular disorders

Disorders of visual cortex associated with inflammatory disorders

Cortical blindness

Unspecified disorder of optic nerve and visual pathways