Myeloid leukemia
- leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors in the bone marrow and other sites.
- A clonal proliferation of myeloid cells and their precursors in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and spleen. When the proliferating cells are immature myeloid cells and myeloblasts, it is called acute myeloid leukemia. When the proliferating myeloid cells are neutrophils, it is called chronic myelogenous leukemia.
Myeloid leukemia acute
- acute leukemia arising from myeloid tissue in which the granular, polymorphonuclear leukocytes and their precursors predominate.
- leukemia commonly occurring after alkylating agent treatment; manifestations include pancytopenia, megaloblastic bone marrow, and nucleated red cells in peripheral marrow; patients usually have chromosomal abnormalities in marrow cells.
- A quickly progressing disease in which too many immature blood-forming cells are found in the blood and bone marrow.
- A clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in the bone marrow, blood or other tissues. The classification of acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) encompasses four major categories: 1) AML with recurrent genetic abnormalities 2) AML with multilineage dysplasia 3) Therapy-related AML 4) AML not otherwise categorized. The required bone marrow or peripheral blood blast percentage for the diagnosis of AML has been recently reduced from 30% (French-American-British [FAB] classification) to 20% (WHO classification). (WHO, 2001)
- A type of acute myeloid leukemia, a quickly progressing disease in which too many immature blood-forming cells are found in the blood and bone marrow.
- An acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in which abnormal promyelocytes predominate. It is characterized by the t(15;17)(q22;q12) translocation. There are two variants: the typical and micro granular (hypo granular) variant. This AML is particularly sensitive to treatment with all trans-retinoic acid and has a favorable prognosis. (WHO, 2001) -- 2003
Myeloid leukemia acute without remission
Myeloid leukemia acute in remission
- Acute myeloid leukemia not growing, responding to treatment.
Myeloid leukemia chronic
- chronic leukemia in which myeloid progenitor cells predominate; the hallmark of CML, the Philadelphia chromosome, is a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 which activates the proto- oncogene c-abl.
- A slowly progressing disease in which too many white blood cells are made in the bone marrow.
- The most common chronic myeloproliferative disorder characterized by neutrophilic leukocytosis. It is associated with the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome and/or the BCR/ABL fusion gene. Most patients are middle-aged or elderly. Common findings at presentation include fatigue, weight loss, anemia, night sweats, and splenomegaly. The disease is bi- or triphasic; an initial indolent chronic phase is followed by an accelerated or blast phase. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is currently the only curative therapy (adapted from WHO 2001).
Myeloid leukemia chronic without remission
Myeloid leukemia chronic in remission
- Chronic myeloid leukemia not growing; responding to treatment.
Myeloid leukemia subacute
- A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disease characterized by the principal involvement of the neutrophil series with leukocytosis and multilineage dysplasia. The neoplastic cells do not have a Philadelphia chromosome or the BCR/ABL fusion gene. The prognosis is usually poor. (WHO, 2001)
Myeloid leukemia subacute without remission
Myeloid leukemia subacute in remission
Myeloid sarcoma
- A tumor mass composed of myeloblasts, neutrophils and neutrophil precursors. Granulocytic sarcoma is the most common type of myeloid sarcoma. (WHO, 2001) -- 2003
- A tumor mass composed of myeloblasts or immature myeloid cells. It occurs in extramedullary sites or the bone. (WHO, 2001)
Myeloid sarcoma without remission
Myeloid sarcoma in remission
- A myeloid sarcoma that is responding to therapy, i.e. is not progressing and possibly regressing. --2003
Other myeloid leukemia
- replacement of the bone marrow by fibrous tissue, occurring in association with a myeloproliferative disorder or secondary to another unrelated condition.
- A disorder in which the bone marrow is replaced by fibrous tissue.
- A partial or complete replacement of the bone marrow stroma by fibrous tissue. It can be a primary bone marrow lesion as part of the chronic myeloproliferative disorders (chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis), a manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia (acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis), or a secondary phenomenon due to bone marrow involvement by a metastatic tumor (e.g., metastatic breast carcinoma). --2003
Other myeloid leukemia without remission
Other myeloid leukemia in remission
Unspecified myeloid leukemia
- leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors in the bone marrow and other sites.
- A clonal proliferation of myeloid cells and their precursors in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and spleen. When the proliferating cells are immature myeloid cells and myeloblasts, it is called acute myeloid leukemia. When the proliferating myeloid cells are neutrophils, it is called chronic myelogenous leukemia.
Unspecified myeloid leukemia without remission
Unspecified myeloid leukemia in remission
- Myeloid leukemia not growing, responding to treatment.
